Category: Facts

Laws of Thermodynamics

Science > Chemistry > Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics > First Law of Thermodynamics In this article, we shall study the first law of thermodynamics and its application to different chemical processes. Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Statement: If two bodies (say A and B) are in thermal equilibrium of the third body (say C) then body […]

Tags Adiabatic process, Chemistry, Constant pressure process, Constant temperature process, Constant volume process, Cyclic process, First law of thermodynamics, Free expansion, Irreversible process, Isobaric process, Isochoric process, Isothermal process, Pressure volume work, Process, Reversible process, Secpond law of thermodynamics, Sign convention, work done in cyclic process, Zeroth law of thermodynamics

Physical Chemistry

Concept of Maximum Work

Science > Chemistry > Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics > Concept of Maximum Work According to the first law of thermodynamics, ΔU = q + W In an isothermal process, ΔU = 0, ∴ q = – W Therefore, all the heat absorbed by the system is utilized to do work. […]

Physical Chemistry

Work Done in Chemical Process

Post author By Hemant More
Post date January 17, 2020
1 Comment on Work Done in Chemical Process

Science > Chemistry > Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics > Work Done in Chemical Process Pressure Volume Work: Consider an ideal gas having definite mass (say n moles) be enclosed in a cylinder fitted with weightless, frictionless, tightly fitted, movable piston. Let ‘A’ be the area of the cross-section of the cylinder. Let the gas expand […]

Tags Adiabatic process, Chemistry, Constant pressure process, Constant temperature process, Constant volume process, Cyclic process, Free expansion, Irreversible process, Isobaric process, Isochoric process, Isothermal process, Pressure volume work, Process, Reversible process, Sign convention, work done in cyclic process

Physical Chemistry

Concept of Internal Energy

Post author By Hemant More
Post date January 17, 2020
3 Comments on Concept of Internal Energy

Science > Chemistry > Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics > Concept of Internal Energy The internal energy can be defined as the sum of all possible kinds of energies that a system possesses. Every chemical reaction is associated with heat change. Heat is either evolved or absorbed. This is possible only when every substance involved in […]

Tags Bonding energy, Chemical energy, Chemistry, Energy, Intermolecular energy, Internal energy, Intramolecular energy, Kinetic energy, Potential energy, Rotational energy, Thermal energy, Translational energy, Vibrational energy

Physical Chemistry

Chemical Processes

Science > Chemistry > Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics > Chemical Processes In this article, we shall discuss what is meant by process and different types of chemical processes. Process: It is the path or the operation by which a system changes from one state to another. A process causes a change in the value of […]

Tags Adiabatic process, Chemistry, Constant pressure process, Constant temperature process, Constant volume process, Cyclic process, Irreversible process, Isobaric process, Isochoric process, Isothermal process, Process, Reversible process

Physical Chemistry

Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics

Post author By Hemant More
Post date January 16, 2020
7 Comments on Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics

Science > Chemistry > Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics > Introduction Chemical Thermodynamics and its Scope: Energy stored in chemical substances is called chemical energy. Thermodynamics is the branch of science that deals with the different forms of energy, the quantitative relationships between them and the energy changes that occur in the physical and chemical process. […]

Physics

Motion in a Vertical Circle

Post author By Hemant More
Post date January 16, 2020
8 Comments on Motion in a Vertical Circle

Science > Physics > Circular Motion > Motion in Vertical Circle When studying the motion of a body in a vertical circle we have to consider the effect of gravity. Due to the influence of the earth’s gravitational field, the magnitudes of the velocity of the body and tension in the string change continuously. It […]

Tags Circular motion, Looping a loop, Maximum tension in the string, Minimum tension in the string, Non-uniform circular motion, Tension in the string, Vertical circle

Physics

Conical Pendulum

Science > Physics > Circular Motion > Conical Pendulum A conical pendulum consists of a bob of mass ‘m’ revolving in a horizontal circle with constant speed ‘v’ at the end of a string of length ‘l’. In this case, the string makes a constant angle with the vertical. The bob of pendulum describes a […]

Tags Circular motion, period of conical pendulum, Semi vertical angle, Tension in the string

Physics

Numerical Problems on Banking of Road

Post author By Hemant More
Post date January 16, 2020
1 Comment on Numerical Problems on Banking of Road

Science > Physics > Circular Motion > Numerical Problems on Banking of Road Example – 01: To what angle must a racing track of radius of curvature 600 m be banked so as to be suitable for a maximum speed of 180 km/h? Given: maximum speed v = 180 km/hr = 180 x 5/18 = 50 m/s, Radius […]

Tags Angle of banking, Banking of road, Circular motion, Elevation above inner edge, Elevation above inner rail, Friction, Friction between road and tyres, Maximum speed, Necessity of banking of road, Normal reaction, Optimum speed, Safe speed, Thrust on rail

Physics

Banking of Road

Science > Physics > Circular Motion > Banking of Road In this article, we shall study the necessity of the banking of road and the factors affecting it. Safe Velocity of a Vehicle on an Unbanked Road: The necessary centripetal force required to negotiate a turn by a vehicle moving along a horizontal unbanked curved road […]

Tags Angle of banking, Banking of road, Circular motion, Elevation above inner edge, Elevation above inner rail, Friction, Friction between road and tyres, Maximum speed, Necessity of banking of road, Normal reaction, Optimum speed, Safe speed, Thrust on rail