Nature of Chemical Bond

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Nature of Chemical Bond

Octet Theory

  • Chemical Bond and its Types
  • Octet Theory and Octet Rule
  • Lewis Dot Structures
  • Ionic Bond, Covalent Bond, and Coordinate Bond
  • Inadequacies of Octet Theory

Ionic Bonds

Introduction to Ionic Bonds

  • Characteristics of Ionic Bond
  • Examples of Ionic Bond
  • Ionic Bond and Periodic Table

Factors Affecting the Formation of Ionic Bonds

  • Variable Elecrovalency
  • Unstable Nature of Core or Kernel
  • Inert Pair Effect
  • Ionization Energy of Electropositive Atom
  • Electron Gain Enthalpy of Electronegative Atom
  • Lattice Energy
  • Difference in Electronegativities

Properties of Ionic Compounds

  • Physical State
  • High Boiling and Melting Points
  • Hardness and Brittleness
  • Electrical Conductivity
  • Lattice Energy
  • Solubility in Water

Covalent Bonds:

Introduction to Covalent Bonds

  • Meaning of Covalent Bonds
  • Formation of Hydrogen, Chlorine, Ammonia Molecules
  • Formation of water, Hydrogen Chloride Molecules
  • Formation of Oxygen and Nitrogen Molecules
  • Formation of Methane, Ethane, Ethylene, and Ethene Molecules

Valence Bond Theory (V. B. T.)

  • Postulates of Valence Bond Theory
  • Geometry of Molecule on the Basis of VBT
  • Energy Change on the Basis of VBT
  • Variation in Energy During Formation of Bond

Overlapping of Orbitals

  • Formation of Hydrogen Molecule (s-s overlap)
  • Formation of Fluorine Molecule (p-p overlap)
  • Formation of Hydrogen Fluoride Molecule (s-p overlap)
  • Concept of Polar Molecule

Sigma Bonds and Pi Bonds

  • Formation of Sigma Bonds
  • Characteristics of Sigma Bonds
  • Formation of Pi Bonds
  • Characteristics of Pi Bonds
  • Distinguishing Sigma Bond and Pi Bond

Hybridization of  Atomic Orbitals

Concept of Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals

  • Need for Hybridization
  • Steps in hybridization
  • Characteristics of Hybridization
  • Types of Hybridization

SP3 Hybridization

  • Formation of Methane Molecule
  • Formation of Ammonia Molecule
  • Formation of Water Molecule

SP2 Hybridization

  • Formation of Boron trifluoride
  • Formation of Ethylene Molecules

SP Hybridization

  • Formation of Beryllium chloride
  • Formation of Acetylene Molecules

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Nature of Chemical Bond