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Company Law

Director Under Companies Act

Indian Legal System > Civil Laws > Company Law > Director Under Companies Act In this article, we are having a basic idea of the concept of director under Companies Act, 2013. In upcoming articles we shall study individual concepts in detail. Who is Director? Section 2 (34) of the Act prescribed that “director” means […]

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Indian Evidence Act

Section 9 IEA: Facts Necessary to Explain

Sec. 9 deals with relevancy of facts which are introductory or explanatory in nature, or supports or rebuts a fact in issue or a relevant fact, or which establishing identity of a person or thing. There is a kind of evidence which if considered separately and alone from other evidence would not amount to anything, […]

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Indian Evidence Act

Proof of Admissions (S. 21 IEA)

According to Section 17 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 an admission is a statement, oral or documentary or contained in electronic form, which suggests any inference as to any fact in issue or relevant fact, and which is made by any of the persons, and under the circumstances, hereinafter mentioned. Section 17 IEA defines “Admissions” […]

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Indian Evidence Act

Who Can Make Admission? (S. 18-20 IEA)

According to Section 17 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 an admission is a statement, oral or documentary or contained in electronic form, which suggests any inference as to any fact in issue or relevant fact, and which is made by any of the persons, and under the circumstances, hereinafter mentioned. Section 17 IEA defines “Admissions” […]

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Indian Evidence Act

Kinds of Witnesses

Witnesses play a very important role in the dispensation of justice in its totality. At the initial stage of investigation, a witness guides the Investigating Officer (I.O.) in the right lines thus helping him arriving at correct findings about facts and circumstances of the crime. It is not exaggerated to say that no prosecution case […]

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Indian Evidence Act

Admissions

An admission is a statement of fact which waves or dispenses with the production of evidence by conceding that the fact asserted by the opponent is true. It is a voluntary acknowledgement made by the party or somebody identified with him in legal interest. The Supreme Court observed that admissions are very weak kind of […]

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Indian Evidence Act

Competency of Witness (Ss. 118-121 and 133 IEA)

Witnesses and documents are the main sources of evidence. A witness (Testis) is a person who gives evidence before any court. As per Bentham, witnesses are the eyes and ears of justice. Witnesses can be the person who gives valuable input for the case. It is through witnesses and documents that evidence is placed before […]

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Industrial Disputes Act

Authorities Under Industrial Disputes Act

Indian Legal System > Civil Laws > Labour Laws > Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 > Authorities Under Industrial Disputes Act The main object of the Industrial Disputes Act is the investigation and settlement of industrial disputes. For this particular purpose, various authorities have been created under the Act. The adjudication of the industrial dispute has […]

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Industrial Disputes Act

Ambit of Definition of Industry

Indian Legal System > Civil Laws > Labour Laws > Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 > Ambit of Definition of Industry In this article, we will be studying working of different organizations to check whether the organization comes under the ambit of definition of industry or not. In Bangalore Water Supply v. A. Rajappa, AIR 1978 […]

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Industrial Disputes Act

Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board v. Rajappa, AIR 1978 SC 548

Indian Legal System > Civil Laws > Labour Laws > Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 >Bangalore Water Supply Case According to Section 2(j) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947,“industry” means any business, trade, undertaking, manufacture or calling of employers and includes any calling, service, employment, handicraft or industrial occupation or vocation of workmen. An industry exists […]