Categories
Physical Chemistry

Buffer Solutions

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Ionic Equilibria >Buffer Solutions In this article, we shall study the concept of buffer solution, its characteristics, its types, and preparations. Buffer Solution: A solution, which resists the change in its pH value, even on the addition of a small amount of strong acid or base is called […]

Categories
Physical Chemistry

Ionic Product of water

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Ionic Equilibria > Ionic Product of water In this article, we shall study concepts of the ionic product of water, pH and pOH of a solution and their importance. Ion Equilibrium in Water: Water has electrical conductivity, hence it must undergo dissociation. “Dissociation of pure water to a […]

Categories
Physical Chemistry

Ostwald’s Dilution Law

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Ionic Equilibria > Ostwald’s Dilution Law In this article, we shall study the Ostwald’s dilution law and its application to weak electrolytes, like weak acids and weak bases. Ostwald’s Dilution Law: A mathematical expression of the law of mass actions that gives the relationship between equilibrium constant/dissociation constant, […]

Categories
Physical Chemistry

Ionic Theory

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Ionic Equilibria > Ionic Theory In this article, we shall study Arrhenius ionic theory, the concept of ionization and dissociation, Applying law of mass action to reactions involving ions. Electrolytes on the Basis of Ionic Theory:  According to Arrhenius ionic theory, a substance (acid) base or salt, which […]

Categories
Physical Chemistry

Lewis Concept of Acids and Bases

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Ionic Equilibria > Lewis Concept of Acids and Bases In the previous article, we have studies the Arrhenius theory, Bronsted Lowry concept of acids and bases. In this article, we shall study the Lewis concept of acids and bases, its merits and demerits. Lewis Concept of Acids and […]

Categories
Physical Chemistry

Bronsted – Lowry Concept of Acid and Base

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Ionic Equilibria > Bronsted- Lowry Concept of Acid and Base In the previous article, we have studied the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases. In this article, we shall study the Bronsted Lowry Concept of acids and bases. In 1923, scientists Bronsted and Lowry proposed more general definitions […]

Categories
Physical Chemistry

Arrhenius Theory of Acids and Bases

Science > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Ionic Equilibria > Arrhenius Theory In this article, we shall study the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases, its advantages and limitations. Classical or Functional Definitions of Acid and Base: Acid: An acid is defined as a substance whose water solution has a sour taste, turns blue litmus to […]

Categories
General Biology

Binomial Nomenclature

Science > Biology > General Biology > Diversity of Living Organisms > Binomial Nomenclature Biologists follow universally accepted principles to provide scientific names to known organisms. Each name has two components – the Generic name (genus) and the specific epithet (species name). Hence the system is called binomial nomenclature. We can compare the generic (genus) […]

Categories
General Biology

Taxonomic Hierarchy

Science > Biology > General Biology > Diversity of Living Organisms > Taxonomic Hierarchy In this article, we shall study the taxonomic hierarchy and the concept of species. The Concept of Species: A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding is called species. They are usually described in […]

Categories
General Biology

Branches of Biology (Brief Idea)

Science > Biology > General Biology > Branches of Biology > Branches of Biology (Brief Idea) In the previous article, we have studied the importance of biology. In this article, we shall study different branches of biology. On the Basis of Kind of Organism: Depending upon the kind of organism, the branches of biology are […]